Dysplastic nevushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysplastic_nevus
Dysplastic nevus ke nevus eo ponahalo ea eona e fapaneng le nevi e tloaelehileng. Dysplastic nevi hangata li hola ho ba kholo ho feta nevi e tloaelehileng, mme li ka ba le meeli e sa tsitsang le e sa hlakileng. Dysplastic nevi e ka fumanoa kae kapa kae, empa e tloaelehile haholo ho banna, le ka lehlakoreng le ka morao la leoto le ka tlaase ho basali.

Mofetše kotsi
Joalokaha ho bonoa ho batho ba Caucasia United States, ba nang le dysplastic nevi ba na le kotsi ea ho ba le melanoma e fetang 10 %. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ba se nang dysplastic nevus ba na le kotsi ea ho ba le melanoma e ka tlase ho 1 %.

Litlhahiso bakeng sa batho ba nang le dysplastic nevi
Hangata ho khothaletsoa ho itlhahloba letlalo ho thibela melanoma (ka ho khetholla nevi e sa tloaelehang e ka tlosoang) kapa ho lemoha kapele liphetoho tse teng. Batho ba nang le nalane ea botho kapa ea lelapa ea mofets'e oa letlalo kapa li‑multiple atypical nevi ba lokela ho bona ngaka ea dermatologist bonyane hang ka selemo ho netefatsa hore ha ba hlahise melanoma.

Kgutsufatso [ABCDE] e thusitse ho hopola litšobotsi tsa mantlha tsa melanoma bakeng sa bafani ba bophelo bo botle le batho ba ikemetseng. Ka bomalimabe, ho motho ea tloaelehileng, keratose tse ngata tsa seborrheic, lentigo senilis le li‑warts li ka ba le litšobotsi tsa [ABCDE], empa li ke ke tsa melanoma.

[ABCDE]
Asymmetrical: Leqeba le sa le le le (asymmetrical).
Border: Moeli oa leqeba ha o tloaelehe.
Color: Hangata melanoma e na le mebala e mengata e sa tloaelehang.
Diameter: Nevi e kholo ho feta 6 mm e na le monyetla oa ho ba melanoma ho feta nevi e nyane.
Evolution: Phetoho (ke hore phetoho) ea nevus kapa leqeba e ka bontša hore leqeba le ntse le mpefala.

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  • Dysplastic nevi — Biopsy e buelloa ho batho ba bophirimela.
  • Sebopeho se asymmetric se nang le lekhalo le lerootho la lesion se bontša hore ho ka ba le Dysplastic nevus. Empa 'mala le boholo ba lesion li tšoana le tse tloaelehileng. Ho hlokahala biopsy bakeng sa netefatso.
  • Sebopeho se sa tloaelehang se lumellana le litekanyetso tsa molao oa ABCD (asymmetry), empa qeto e ka fapana har'a bahlahlobi.
References Dysplastic Nevi 29489189 
NIH
Dysplastic nevus, e tsejoang hape e le atypical kapa Clarks nevus, e ts'oetsoe likhang ho dermatology le dermatopathology. Hangata lingaka li hlahloba li-moles tsena hobane li ka shebahala li sa tloaeleha 'me li hlahisa matšoenyeho ka melanoma.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
 Publication Trends and Hot Topics in Dysplastic Nevus Research: A 30-Year Bibliometric Analysis 37992349 
NIH
Dysplastic nevi, e tsejoang hape e le atypical kapa Clark nevi, ka linako tse ling e ka lebisa ho melanoma. Hoo e ka bang 36% ea melanoma e fumanoa haufi le dysplastic nevi. Matšoao a hore dysplastic nevus e ka fetoha melanoma a kenyelletsa sebopeho se sa lekaneng, liphetoho tse ngata tsa 'mala kapa' mala o moputsoa. Hangata mafu ana a kankere a hlaha a sa le monyenyane (hoo e ka bang bohareng ba lilemo tse mashome a mararo), a ka ba a mangata, 'me a atisa ho ba kutu. Ka liphatsa tsa lefutso, dysplastic nevi li lipakeng tsa benign nevi le melanoma. Leha ho le joalo, ke 20% ho isa ho 30% feela ea melanoma e tsoang ho nevi e teng. Kaha li-nevi tse ngata ha li fetohe melanoma, hangata ha ho khothalletsoe ho li tlosa ka mokhoa o thibelang.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
 Malignant Melanoma 29262210 
NIH
Melanoma ke mofuta oa ho hlaha ha melanocyte, lisele tse ikarabellang bakeng sa 'mala oa letlalo, li fetoha mofetše. Melanocyte e tsoa ho neural crest. Sena se bolela hore melanoma e ka hlaha eseng letlalong feela empa le libakeng tse ling moo lisele tsa neural crest li fetoang, joalo ka lesela la mala le boko. Sekhahla sa ho pholoha ha bakuli ba nang le melanoma ea pele-pele (mohato oa 0) se phahame ho 97%, ha se theoha haholo ho ba le 10% ba ba fumanoeng ba e‑na le lefu le tsoetseng pele (mokhahlelo oa IV).
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.